Career Options in Information Technology

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Information Technology is a discipline that has a major influence on how everyone lives. It entails almost all forms of technological advancements which are often used to create, save, interchange and make use of information in its different forms. This may include business data, still images, motion pictures and multimedia presentations. It has proved to be of immense significance, as its presence seems to be apparent in almost every section of life.

Applications

It is next to impossible to think of a day without computers and communications. Most of the common applications of information technology includes storage of information, data processing, analysis of statistics, word- processing, communications, designing, accounting, management of information systems, financial forecasts and the control over the manufacturing procedure. There is a continuous development mainly in two sectors, namely, computing and communications.

Many career options in Information Technology are available. People with high as well as medium skills can also find jobs depending on their areas of interest. Some of the main positions in IT sector are as follows:

a) Systems Analysts And Designers: Systems analysts and designer’s main jobs are to examine and analyze a business problem, design an appropriate system in order to deal with a particular problem, install and check the systems.

b) Software Engineering And Design: It requires a substantial amount of technical experience. Software engineers and designers work on very complicated and advanced forms of software that are used to control high- tech equipment and on usage of programs for business purposes.

c) Computer Programmers: Computer programmers are those professionals who feed data for the computers in a language that can be easily interpreted by the computer. They even design programs from the detailed description provided by the system analysts and carry out the logical steps that can be used to do a job.

d) End-User And Technical Support: People who have the experience both regarding computer systems as well as a specific business sector. It can be of immense significance for people without any technical qualifications in IT.

e) Database Controller/ Manager: A database controller/manager’s job is to ensure that the database is accurate, user-friendly and is in accordance with the latest ideas and technology.

f) Computer Sales: You need to have basic knowledge of computer fundamentals, salesmanship, and around seven years of experience in computing in order to be eligible to become a computer sales person.

g) Information Technology Manager: The main responsibility of an Information technology manager is to ensure the availability of right equipment and properly trained staffs in the organization along with arranging for the requirements within the allocated budget, negotiating with the suppliers and adapting to the latest developments.

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Sample Behavioral Interview Questions : Decision Making

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Decision Making

  1. Give an example of a time when you had to be relatively quick in coming to a decision.
  2. What was your most difficult decision in the last 6 months? What made it difficult?
  3. Give me an example of a time when you had to keep from speaking or making a decision because you did not have enough information.
  4. Give me an example of a time when you had to be quick in coming to a decision.
  5. What kind of decisions do you make rapidly? What kind takes more time? Give examples.
  6. Give me an example of a time you had to make a difficult decision.
  7. Describe a specific problem you solved for your employer. How did you approach the problem? What role did others play? What was the outcome?
  8. Give me an example of when taking your time to make a decision paid off.

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Sample Essay Questions

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Writing an effective essay examination requires two important abilities: recalling information and organizing the information in order to draw relevant conclusions from it. While this process sounds simple, writing an effective essay examination under pressure in limited time can be a daunting task.

Common strategy terms for Essay writing are as follows:

  1. Analyze: Divide an event, idea, or theory into its component elements, and examine each one in turn: Analyze Milton Friedman’s theory of permanent income.
  2. Compare and/or Contrast: Demonstrate similarities or dissimilarities between two or more events or topics: Compare the portrayal of women in Beloved with that in Their Eyes Were Watching God.
  3. Define: Identify and state the essential traits or characteristics of something, differentiating it clearly from other things: Define Hegelian dialectic.
  4. Describe: Tell about an event, person, or process in detail, creating a clear and vivid image of it: Describe the dress of a knight.
  5. Evaluate: Assess the value or significance of the topic: Evaluate the contribution of black musicians to the development of an American musical tradition.
  6. Explain: Make a topic as clear and understandable as possible by offering reasons, examples, and so on: Explain the functioning of the circulatory system.
  7. Summarize: State the major points concisely and comprehensively: Summarize the major arguments against using animals in laboratory research.

Following are some sample essay questions:

  1. Education comes not from books but from practical experience.Write a unified essay in which you perform the following tasks. Explain what you think the above statement means. Describe a specific situation in which books might educate students better than practical experience. Discuss what you think determines when practical experience provides a better education than books do.
  2. Scientific inquiry is rooted in the desire to discover, but there is no discovery so important that in its pursuit a threat to human life can be tolerated.Write a unified essay in which you perform the following tasks. Explain what you think the above statements means. Describe a specific situation in which a threat to human life might be tolerated in the pursuit of scientific discovery. Discuss what you think determines when the pursuit of scientific discovery is more important than the protection of human life.
  3. Politicians too often base their decisions on what will please the voters, not on what is best for the country.Write a unified essay in which you perform the following tasks. Explain what you think the above statement means. Describe a specific situation in which a politician might make an unpopular decision for the good of the country. Discuss the principles you think should determine whether political decisions should be made to please the voters or to serve the nation
  4. An understanding of the past is necessary for solving the problems of the present.Write a unified essay in which you perform the following tasks. Explain what you think the above statement means. Describe a specific situation in which solving a current problem might not require an understanding of the past. Discuss what you think determines whether or not the past should be considered in solving the problems of the present.
  5. Wealthy politicians cannot offer fair representation to all the people.Write a unified essay in which you perform the following tasks. Explain what you think the above statement means. Describe a specific situation in which a wealthy politician might offer fair representation to all people. Discuss what you think determines whether a wealthy politician can or cannot offer fair representation to all the people.
  6. In a free society, laws must be subject to change.Write a unified essay in which you perform the following tasks. Explain what you think the above statement means. Describe a specific situation in which a law should not be subject to change in a free society. Discuss what you think determines whether or not a law in a free society should be subject to change.

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HR Questions Online

Category: HR Questions    |    182 views    |    Add a Comment

71. What did you achieve in your last job?
Answer :Prepare a number of relevant examples and explain one (two or three if they’re punchy and going down well). Make sure you feature as the instigator, or the factor that made the difference. Examples must lead to significant organisational benefits; making money, saving money/time, improving quality, anticipating or creatively solving problems, winning/keeping customers, improving efficiency.

72. Give me some examples of how you have adapted your own communicating style to deal with different people and situations.
Answer :Prepare this as one of your strengths, as there’s not a single job that won’t benefit from good adaptive communication skills. Give examples of how you’ve been detailed and given written confirmation for people who need it. Give examples of how you verbally enthuse and inspire the people who respond to challenge and recognition. Think of other examples of adapting your style to suit the recipients. Give examples when you’ve had to be task-driven, process driven, people-driven, and how you change your style accordingly. A chance for you to truly shine.

73. What do you find difficult in work/life/relationships (etc)?
Answer :Pick a relatively irrelevant skill and say that you don’t find it as easy as you’d like, so you’re working on it (don’t just make this up - think about it and be truthful). Don’t own up to a weakness in an area that’s important to the role. As with the weaknesses question, you can state certain difficulties because they are actually quite acceptable, even commendable, they’d include: suffering fools gladly, giving up an impossible task, tolerating unkind behaviour like bullying, having to accept I can’t help certain big problems in the world, etc.

74. How do you plan and organise your work?
Answer :Planning and writing a plan is very important. I think how best to do things before I do them, if it’s unknown territory I’d take advice, learn from previous examples - why re-invent the wheel? I always prioritise, I manage my time, and I understand the difference between urgent and important. For very complex projects I’d produce quite a detailed schedule and plan review stages. I even plan time-slots for activities that aren’t in themselves organised, like thinking time, and being creative, solving problems, etc.

75. How many hours a week do you work/prefer to work?
Answer :It varies according to the situation. I plan and organise well, so unless there’s a crisis or unusual demand I try to finish at a sensible time so as to have some time for my family/social life/outside interests. It’s important to keep a good balance. I start earlier than most people - you can get a lot done before the phones start ringing. When the pressure’s on though I’m happy to work as long as it takes to get the job done. It’s not about the number of hours - it’s the quality of the work that you do; how productive you are.

76. Do you make mistakes?
Answer :Be honest. Yes of course on occasions, but I obviously try not to, and I always try to correct them and learn from them.

77. (Follow above question with) - Can you share your mistakes with others?
Answer :Absolutely I can - I get the guidance I need, and it may help prevent others from making the same mistake.

78. How to do measure your own effectiveness?
Answer :By the results that I achieve, and that I achieve them in the most positive way. If there isn’t an existing measure of this I’ll usually create one.

79. What personal goals do you have and how are you going about achieving them?
Answer :Prepare for this - be able to state your personal and career goals - keep them reasonable, achievable and balanced. Explain how you see the steps to reaching your aims. An important part of achieving progress is planning how to do it. Be able to demonstrate that you’ve thought and planned, but also show that you are flexible and adaptable, because it’s impossible to predict the future - the important thing is to learn and develop, and take advantage of opportunities as they come along.

80. What makes you mad?
Answer :Nothing really makes me mad - it’s not a good way to deal with anything. Certain things disappoint or upset me - rudeness, arrogance, spitefulness (pick any obvious nasty traits or behaviours, particularly behaviours that you believe your interviewer will personally dislike too.)

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HR Guideline Questions

Category: HR Questions    |    291 views    |    Add a Comment

61. What do you see yourself doing five years from now?
Answer :”Making a more significant contribution to whatever organisation I’m working for. To have developed new skills, abilities, maturity - perhaps a little wisdom even. To have become better qualified in whatever way suits the situation and opportunities I have. To be better regarded by my peers, and respected by my superiors as someone who can continue to increase the value and scale of what I do for the organisation.”

”I’d like more responsibility, because that’s a result of personal growth and progression, and it’s important for my personal satisfaction.”

”I have no set aspirations about money and reward - if I contribute and add value to the organisation then generally increased reward follows - you get out what you put in.”

”Long term I want to make the most of my abilities - if possible to build a serious career, but in this day and age nothing is certain or guaranteed; things can change. I’ll do my best and believe that opportunities will arise which will enable me to keep contributing, increasing my worth, and developing my ability in a way that benefits the organisation and me.”

Employers will respond well if they see that you are mature, independent, self-motivated; that you will make a positive and growing contribution, and that you understand that reward (financial, promotion, responsibility, etc) will always be based on the quality and value of your input.

62. How do you make yourself indispensable to a company?
Answer :“We are looking for both technical and interpersonal competence,” says Doris J. Smith-Brooks, recruiting and advertising manager for Boeing Co. in Seattle, Washington.

Smith-Brooks explains that students who have interned or completed cooperative education assignments generally answer the question best because they know what working for a company entails.

63. What’s your greatest strength?
Answer :“Don’t just talk about your strength—relate it to the position,” Ferguson says. “Let them know you are a qualified candidate.”

64. What’s your greatest weakness?
Answer :“Say something along the lines of, ‘I have difficulty with this thing, and these are the strategies I use to get around it,” Ferguson says. “For example, you could say, ‘I’m not the most organized of individuals, so I always answer my e-mails and phone calls right away. I’m aware of the problem and I have strategies to deal with it.”

65. Where do you see yourself five (ten or fifteen) years from now?
Answer :Explain your career-advancement goals that are in line with the job for which you are interviewing. Your interviewer is likely more interested in how he, she or the company will benefit from you achieving your goals than what you’ll get from it, but it goes hand in hand to a large degree. It’s not a good idea to tell your potential new boss that you’ll be going after his or her job, but it’s okay to mention that you’d like to earn a senior or management position.

66. Why did you leave your previous jobs (if any)?
Answer :The interviewer may want to know if you had any problems on your last job. If you did not have any problems, simply give a reason, such as: relocated away from job; company went out of business; laid off; temporary job; no possibility of advancement; wanted a job better suited to your skills.

If you did have problems, be honest. Show that you can accept responsibility and learn from your mistakes. You should explain any problems you had (or still have) with an employer, but don’t describe that employer in negative terms. Demonstrate that it was a learning experience that will not affect your future work.

67. What major challenges have you encountered and how did you deal with them?
Answer :When going to an interview, you should always be prepared to speak about difficult situations that you have encountered in the past and how you were able to effectively resolve them. It is good to remember at least three. And remember, the situation should always reflect an attribute that you think the employer/interviewer would admire.

68. Tell me how you handled an ethical dilemma.
Answer :“Suppose you worked at a bank and a long-time customer wanted a check cashed right away but didn’t have the fund balance in his account to cover the check,” Martinez says, explaining that if the bank’s policy prohibited cashing checks in that manner, the teller would have a choice of violating bank policy or alienating a good customer.

Martinez says the best way to handle such a situation would be to go to a supervisor, explain the situation, and ask for advice. He adds that students who can’t offer a situation that they handled correctly the first time can explain how they learned from making mistakes.

“Explain that the next time, this was how you handled it,” he says.

69. Tell me about the culture at your last company/employer.
Answer :If the past culture was good them explain how and why in terms that the interviewee is likely to identify with, for example:

”The culture encouraged people to develop, grow, take responsibility. People were coached and mentored towards quality and productive effort. All of this helped me a great deal because I identify with these values, and respond to these opportunities.”

A good answer, in referring to a non-supportive culture would be to express the positive aspects (eg lots of freedom for me to take initiative, responsibility, find new ways to contribute, a free market allowing the good workers to naturally excel and develop reputation and internal working relationships, etc.)

70. Tell me about your life at College or University (or even your time in your previous job).
Answer :The question is an opportunity for you to demonstrate the qualities that the interviewer is seeking in for the job, so orientate your answer towards these expectations (without distorting the truth obviously).

In your answer, emphasise the positive behaviour, experience and achievements (ideally backed up with examples and evidence) which will impress the interviewer because of its relevance to the role requirements.

The interviewer is looking for the same capabilities and behaviour in your college (or university or previous job) life that they want in the job.

Your emphasis should be on your achievements, and how you achieved them, that are relevant to the job requirements.

Interviewers with special interest in behaviour and personality may also use a question like this to assess your self-awareness and maturity, in the way you consider your answer and relate it to your own experience and development.

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Interview Questions

Category: HR Questions    |    226 views    |    Add a Comment

51. How do you plan to achieve those goals?
Answer :I plan on gaining additional skills by taking related classes and continuing my involvement with a variety of professional associations.

I noticed that XYZ company (the company you are interviewing with) provides in-house training for employees and I would certainly be interested in taking classes that would be relevant.

I will continue my professional development my participating in conferences, attending seminars, and continuing my education.

52. You haven’t worked for a long time. Are you sure you can handle this job?
Answer :You may have gaps in your employment due to family responsibilities. Perhaps you’ve been a homemaker or a caregiver. You may have retired and then decided to work again.

Memorize one phrase or short sentence to explain your situation. Then emphasize the experience you’ve gained.

53. What kind of worker are you?
Answer :Again, no one is perfect. Showing that you tackle every assignment with all of your energy and talents is admirable but mention that you also learn from your mistakes.

54. What causes you to lose your temper?
Answer :Everybody has a low boiling point on some particular issue. Pick one of yours; something safe and reasonable. People who are late to meetings, blame shifting, broken appointments and office ”back-stabbing” are suitable responses. Don’t say that you never fly off the handle. You won’t be believed.

55. What did you like most about your previous job?
What did you like least about your previous job?

Answer :An employer can evaluate the type of worker you will be by the items you choose. Cite specifics. You are also providing clues about the environment you seek. What you liked most can include a strong teamwork atmosphere, high-level of creativity, and attainable deadlines. What you liked least should include any situations you are unlikely to encounter in your new position.

56. Your resume suggests that you may be over-qualified or too experienced for this position. What’s Your opinion?
Answer :Emphasize your interest in establishing a long-term association with the organization, and say that you assume that if you perform well in his job, new opportunities will open up for you. Mention that a strong company needs a strong staff. Observe that experienced executives are always at a premium. Suggest that since you are so wellqualified, the employer will get a fast return on his investment. Say that a growing, energetic company can never have too much talent.

57. How long would you stay with us?
Answer :Say that you are interested in a career with the organization, but admit that you would have to continue to feel challenged to remain with any organization. Think in terms of, ”As long as we both feel achievement-oriented.”

58. Tell me about a time you had to handle multiple responsibilities. How did you organize the work you needed to do?
Answer :While attending college, I also worked at a law firm. I was successful because I practiced good time-management skills and I made a to-do list every day. As I completed each task, I checked it off the list. It is funny how something so simple can keep you so organized. As a result of my to-do lists, I was able to visualize my daily progress.

59. Describe a situation in which you found that your results were not up to your professor’s or supervisor’s expectations. What happened? What action did you take?
Answer :Recently I was asked to put together a proposal for a migration of network systems. Misunderstanding my boss, I thought it was just an informal paper. When I presented it to him days later, he was upset with the quality since it had to be presented to our VP. I explained my misunderstanding, apologized, reworked the paper, and had it back to him with enough time for him to review it before he presented it successfully at the meeting.

60. What would you do with your life if money was not a concern?
Answer :I am not depending on money to make me happy. What makes me happy is having a satisfying job that provides challenge and new situations daily.

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HR Interview

Category: HR Questions    |    168 views    |    Add a Comment

31. What skills do you need to develop most?
Answer :It may seem a bit premature, but I would very much like to develop my project management and team leadership skills. I would very much like to take responsibility for a project or team in the next twelve months and I think developing those skills now would make the transition easier.

32. Do you have any financial qualifications?
Answer 1:Yes, I took a finance module for two semesters in college. I’ve been surprised how useful my financial knowledge has been during my career. It has helped me schedule project budgets, analyze financial reports and prepare financial projections. There’s no doubt that I’m a better manager for having this knowledge.
Answer 2: I haven’t had the opportunity to take any formal financial training yet. However I’ve had an informal training through the various project management roles I’ve fulfilled. I’ve gained some very good experience projecting budgets and preparing financial statements and I would feel comfortable undertaking similar duties.

33. Do you have any IT (Information Technology) qualifications?
Answer 1: Yes, I took a computer applications module for two semesters in college. It’s helped give me a better knowledge of how computers, operating systems and a wide range of software packages work. I’ve been able to apply this knowledge when tackling problems.
Answer 2: I haven’t had the opportunity to take any formal IT training yet. However, I’ve used computers extensively at every job I’ve had and I’m very much at home using a word processor, spreadsheet, database and project management software. I have a computer at home too which I use to track my family’s finances and to access the Internet. I’m very comfortable using computers.

34. Would you object to attending training seminars in your own time?
Answer :Not at all. I’m looking for a company with an active training program, and I’m always willing to attain new skills. Other company’s I’ve interviewed with host training within the working day. Is it XYZ Corp company policy to always hold training outside of working hours?

35. Why did you select your college or university?
Answer :I was glad to be accepted at my number one choice college. I spent quite a lot of time researching colleges with biochemistry faculties. It became obvious that this college commanded a tremendous reputation for its pioneering work and is one of the best in its field in the country.

36. What are your strengths? How do they help you?
Answer :I’m well motivated, I’ve got a strong desire to succeed, and I’m always ready and willing to learn new information and skills.

37. What are your weaknesses? How do you overcome them?
Answer :I’m always ready to learn new skills and adapt my methods to become better at what I do. If I become aware of a weakness in my knowledge base or in the way I perform my duties, I do my best to fill that gap whether through formal training, informal training, or directly from my colleagues.

38. What makes you think you’re qualified for this job?
Answer :I studied for a diploma in computers which I enjoyed immensely. In my last job I was able to apply knowledge I’d gained on the course to do my job better. I streamlined many of the department’s manual tasks by moving them from paper to a computer-based solution. I’ve also got an advanced sailing certificate. This has helped me build many team-working skills. When I worked at XYZ Corp I voluntarily attended a series of in-house personal development training programs.

39. Tell me about yourself.
Answer :I’m an ambitious, self-motivated account executive and I’m very happy in my life right now. I’m looking to change jobs because I feel I’ve achieved all of the goals I set out for myself when I embarked in my previous role, six years ago. I’ve still got a strong appetite for success and I’m looking for a job that will provide fresh challenges and rewards.

40. Do you like to work as part of a team or alone. Why?
Answer :I work very well when I’m part of a team, I value the ability to bounce ideas off other people and also provide my input, whenever it’s wanted. Of course I’m more than capable of working alone whenever I’m required to do so too.

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